動物肉中のカルノシンおよびそのメチル誘導体の確認
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概要
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Carnosine (β-alanylhistidine) and its methylated compounds occur widely in the muscles of many species of animals. Anserine (β-alanyl-1-methylhistidine**) was first detected in the goose and later in many species2, 3). Ophidine (β-alanyl-2-methyhistidine**) has been reported to be present in the cobra and some other snakes4 ?? 9). Finally, balenine (β-alanyl-3-methylhistidine**) was recognized in the meat extract of whales10 ?? 12), and proved to be identical with cetasine11, 13). TSUNOO et al.14) recently reported the presence of ophidine in the three species of dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, Grampidelphis griseus, and Feresa attenuata, on the basis that the infrared absorption spectra and melting point agreed with those of ophidine from the snakes. The authors15) have determined the amounts of carnosine, anserine and balenine, together with the constitutional imidazole compounds, in the extractives of whale meat by the chromatographic technique using an Amberlite IR-120 column (0.9×50cm). However, the indication showing the occurrence of ophidine and 2-methylhistidine in the Odontoceti has not been observed so far on the chromatograms. The present investigation was undertaken to identify the main imidazole dipeptide in the muscles of several kinds of animal. The peptide preparations obtained from the extractives of snake and dolphin by the procedure of NAKAI et al.16) and from those of dolphin by the method of TSUNOO et al.14) showed the same infrared absorption spectrum as of ophidine described by TSUNOO et al.14) It has become clear from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study that the peptide is β-alanyl-3-methylhistidine and not β-alanyl-2-methylhistidine. The details are given below.
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