Comparative Study of Argon, Nd: YAG and CO2 Lasers to Achieve Similar Histological Changes in ddY Mouse Skin

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The argon, Nd: YAG and CO2 lasers have been mostly used in clinical medi-cine. Their histological changes are wavelength dependent and manifest their characteristics according to their irradiation time. Although their early skin changes appear clinically similar, there are no exact hard data to correlate their irradiation time. This study was designed to compare the irradiation time of these 3 lasers, using positive Evans blue exudation test (EBE) from the irradiated vas-cular walls as an indicator. The dorsum skin of the ddY mouse, 12 in total for each laser group, was irradiated at 3 watts of output with a spot size of 2.0mm in diameter. The EBE appeared at 0.4 seconds for the argon laser, 19 seconds for the Nd: YAG laser and 0.04 seconds for the CO2 laser, respectively. The significant difference for each laser system was demonstrated as follows: argon laser between 0.3 and 0.4 seconds (p<0.01), Nd: YAG laser between 18 and 19 seconds (p<0.01) and CO2 laser between 0.03 and 0.04 seconds (p<0.01). Histologically, all 3 lasers showed a similar homogeneous eosinophilic change of the upper dermal collagen fibers, despite the different exposure time. In con-clusion, the comparison of the irradiation time for each laser with argon stand-ardized at 1 was 47.5 for the Nd: YAG and 0.1 of the CO2. It is suggested that these correlation might be clinically useful in the medical application of these 3 lasers.