メニエール病重症例の疫学像 : 厚生省メニエール病調査研究班,前庭機能異常調査研究班の調査結果から

概要

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In order to clarify the characteristics of the severe Menieres disease we analyzed various epidemiological factors, such as sex ratio, duration of illness, etc., in a series of 958 patients with a definite Menieres disease. The data were obtained from the three Japan-wide surveys of Menieres disease conducted by the Menieres Disease Research Committee of Japan (1975-76) and the Vestibular Disorders Research Committee of Japan (1982-84 & 1990). All subjects were classified into two groups : severe and non-severe. The former contained patients with bilateral and unilateral disease. Those with unilateral severe disease had suffered from markedly disabling attacks of paroxysmal vertigo for more than 3 years. 1) There were 95 patients with bilateral disease, 238 with unilateral severe disease and 625 with non-severe vertigo. About 40% of the subjects had severe disease. 2) Over half of the patients with definite Menieres disease were females. (bilateral disease 64% ; unilateral severe disease 52% ; non-severe disease 53%) 3) The average duration of illness in the severe group (bilateral, 7.1 years ; unilateral, 8.5 years) was longer than that in the non-severe group (3.3 years). 4) The incidence of otitis media in the past history was higher in the unilateral severe group than in non-severe group. 5) Changes in the atmospheric pressure and in the emotional state were more likely to trigger vertigo attacks in the severe group than in the non-severe group.