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概要
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Hot springs in Japan are divided into three groups which are distributed respetively in younger volcanic, semi-volcanic and non-volcanic areas, according to the relation of younger volcanic zones to hot springs. On the other hand, hot springs are classified into two types, namely the one high in Cl' content and the other moderate. Hot springs characterized by high content of Cl' derived from aqueous or igneous origin are situated in tertiary oil fields, tertiary volcanic or hypabyssal rock areas and granite areas.<BR>The following phenomena recognized in thermal areas are important to know properties of hot springs distributed in younger volcanic areas : <BR>(1) Volcanic gases are higher in content of HCl than fumarolic gases.<BR>(2) Hot springs emitted from fumarolic areas are divided into two types, the one is saline water type characterized by higher content of Cr and the other is ground water type by lower of Cl' in ground water.<BR>(3) According to the abundance of Cl' content in thermal areas, there are two types of hot springs in the centre of thermal activity of altered rock areas. One is the type showing high content of Cl', the other is low.<BR>The above-mentioned phenomena are considered to depend upon the diffusing flow of volcanic or fumarolic gases through the mother rocks and the depth of circulating ground water. Accordingly, it is probable that HCl contained in volcanic gases is not only dissolved in deep vadose water, but also fixed as halide salts in the wall rocks on the way up to the surface from a volatile source.<BR>Properties of hot springs of such a various range from acidic to alkaline, distributed in younger volcanic areas seems to be influenced by shallow volcanic or fumarolic action in addition to the diffusing flow of volcanic or fumarolic gases and the ascending distance of thermal water to the surface.
- 社団法人 東京地学協会の論文