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Recent studies of motility and chemotaxis in bacteria were reviewed. Flagellar formation and chemotaxis in bacteria were controlled by many fla and the genes, respectively. An analysis of these gene products was performed by using methods of gene engineering and two dimensional electrophoresis (1). Morphogenetic pathway of the basal structure of flagella was proposed (2). It has been found that the bacteria swim by rotation of the flagella rather than propagation of helical waves. Polymorphic transitions of isolated and reconstituted flagella were observed under dark field microscope (3, 4). Energy source of motility and chemotaxis was discussed on the basis of Mitchells theory of chemiosmosis (5). Chemotactic behavior of bacteria was discussed genetically, biochemically and physiologically (6, 7). In this special issue, the following articles are included: (1) KOMEDA, Y. (Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo) Genetics and product analysis of bacterial flagella. (2) SUZUKI, T. (Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo) Morphogenesis of the basal structure of bacterial flagella. (3) KAMIYA, R. (Institute of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University) Polymorphic transition in bacterial flagella. (4) HOTANI, T. (Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University) Cinematography of bacterial flagella. (5) IMAE, Y. (Institute of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University) Energy source for bacterial flagellar movement. (6) HAYASHI, H. (Institute of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University) Biochemistry of bacterial chemotaxis. (7) KONDOH, H. (Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison) Mechanism of bacterial chemotaxis.
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