The Forefront for Novel Therapeutic Agents Based on the Pathophysiology of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapy of Overactive Bladder
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome, which is characterized by a complex of storage symptoms (urinary urgency, frequency, nocturia, and urgency incontinence) is highly prevalent within the general population, causing major distress to patients in terms of their psychosocial and physical functioning. Muscarinic receptors of bladder smooth muscles are involved in both normal and disturbed bladder contraction. The muscarinic receptor functions may change in bladder disorders associated with OAB, implying that mechanisms, which normally have little clinical importance, may be up-regulated and contribute to the pathophysiology of OAB. In addition, several reports have suggested that various stimulations release many substances, including adenosine triphosphate, prostaglandins, nitric oxide, and acetylcholine, from bladder urothelium, which contribute to pathophysiology of the increased bladder sensation, OAB symptoms, and detrusor overactivity. Bladder urothelium possesses a non-neuronal cholinergic system and high density of muscarinic receptors. The roles and functions of the non-neuronal cholinergic system in OAB are now being evaluated. In the pharmacotherapy of OAB, antimuscarinic agents are the first choice drugs. Furthermore, new therapeutic targets at the levels of the urothelium, detrusor muscles, autonomic and afferent pathways, spinal cord, and brain are proposed. In this review, the pathophysiology of OAB, especially the role of non-neuronal acetylcholine, is discussed. In addition, new drugs with new action mechanisms will be introduced.
著者
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NAGATA Takashi
Department of Physics, Aoyama-Gakuin University
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HOMMA YUKIO
Department of Urology, University of Tokyo
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Yoshida Masaki
Department of Urology, Kumamoto Hospital of Japan Labor Health and Welfare Organization, Japan
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Masunaga Koichi
Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Japan
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Yono Makoto
Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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Homma Yukio
Department Of Urology Faculty Of Medicine The University Of Tokyo
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Masunaga Koichi
Department Of Urology Graduate School Of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University
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Nagata Takashi
Department Of Earth And Space Science Graduate School Of Science Osaka University
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Yoshida Masaki
Department Of 2nd Internal Medicine Jikei University School Of Medicine
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Miyamae Kouichi
Department Of Urology Graduate School Of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University
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Masunaga Koichi
Department Of Urology Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital
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Nagata Takashi
Department Of Urology Toshiba Hospital
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Yono Makoto
Department Of Urology Graduate School Of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University
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Homma Yukio
Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Nagata Takashi
Department of Urology, Toshiba Hospital, Japan
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