Chromosome relationships among 13 species and one variety of Lachenalia (Liliaceae) with the chromosome numbers of 2n=14 and 16 detected by FISH using 5S rDNA and 18S rDNA probes and DAPI staining

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The structural comparison of somatic chromosomes of 13 species and one variety of Lachenalia (Liliaceae) that contained the chromosome numbers either of 2n=14 or 2n=16 (the basic chromosome numbers may be x=7 or x=8) was performed by DAPI staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 5S rDNA and 18S rDNA probes. The five taxa which had the chromosome number of 2n=16 (x=8) displayed similar characters and close relationships to each other. Eight species and one variety which had the chromosome number of 2n=14 (x=7) showed a variety of patterns. The cases were suggested as traces of additions to the 18S rDNA region, translocations of chromosomes and hereditary exchanges among the taxa with x=7 and a taxa with x=8. It was suggested that the chromosome diversity in Lachenalia, especially in the taxa of basic chromosome number of x=7, was resulting a speciation reflected by hereditary influences between the taxa which had other patterns of chromosome structures.