Localization of the System L Amino Acid Transporters LAT1 and LAT2 in Rat Gastrointestinal Tract
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概要
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System L amino acid transporters LAT1 and LAT2 are the members of SLC7 amino acid transporter family. They link to their ancillary protein 4F2hc (4F2 heavy chain) to form heterodimeric complexes. We have examined the mRNA expression by Northern blot and quantitative PCR and the protein localization by immunohistochemistry in the rat gastrointestinal tract. LAT2 and 4F2hc were colocalized in the basolateral membrane of duodenum, jejunum and ileum, suggesting that LAT2 with 4F2hc is functioning as a basolateral exit transporter and responsible for the transepithelial transport of amino acids. They were densely present in the epithelial cells toward the tip of villus, whereas their immunoreactivity became faint in the epithelial cells surrounding the crypt. LAT2 and 4F2hc were also colocalized in the plasma membrane of gastric parietal cells. These observations are consistent with the previous report on mice. In this study, we report for the first time the immunolocalization of LAT1 in the epithelia of gastrointestinal tract. In small intestine, LAT1 immunoreactivity was localized intracellularly in the supra-nuclear region of cytoplasm of the epithelial cells. LAT1 immunostaining was stronger in the epithelial cells lining the crypt of Lieberkuhn, whereas it was barely detectable in the epithelial cells at the tip of villus. In stomach, similar to small intestine, LAT1 immunostaining was densely detected intracellularly in the supra-nuclear region of the surface mucous cells lining the foveola. It became faint in the epithelial cells of the gastric glands. Because system L amino acid transporters, particularly LAT1, are proposed to play important roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases, the localization of these transporters in the rat gastrointestinal tract examined in the present study would provide basis for the understanding of their involvement in diseases and pathological conditions by using various gastrointestinal disease models established in rats.
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