Intraspecific polyploidy of Houttuynia cordata and evolution of chromosome number in the Saururaceae
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概要
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Intraspecific polyploidy and cytogeography were clarified in the samples of <I>Houttuynia cordata</I> (Saururaceae) studied in the Sino-Japanese region of eastern Asia, ranging from Nepal, China, northern Thailand, Taiwan to Japan. Five chromosome numbers of 2<I>n</I>=72, 80, 96, 112 and 128 were detected, four of which were firstly recorded here. These chromosome numbers suggested that the basic chromosome number of <I>Houttuynia</I> could be <I>x</I>=8. The observed cytotypes were evaluated as 2<I>n</I>=72, 80, 96, 112 and 128, and represented 9<I>x</I>, 10<I>x</I>, 12<I>x</I>, 14<I>x</I>, and 16<I>x</I>, respectively. The continental part of east Asia harbored intraspecific polyploidy ranging from 9<I>x</I> to 16<I>x</I>, and only one cytotype of 12<I>x</I> or 2<I>n</I>=96 was found from the eastern edge of the Asian continent between Taiwan and Japan. The evolution of basic chromosome number was discussed based on a phylogenetic tree of the Saururaceae, suggesting that <I>x</I>=11 was an archaic basic chromosome number in this family. <I>Houttuynia</I> may have experienced a disploid reduction from <I>x</I>=11 to <I>x</I>=8, as an autoapomorphy and subsequent intraspecific polyploidization in continental eastern Asia.
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国際染色体植物学会 | 論文
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