Haynaldia と Secale との間における属間雑種の細胞遺伝学的研究 : III. Secale fragile×Haynaldia villosa F1 植物の外倍諸形質および花粉母細胞成熟分裂

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1. In the present reserach, the external characteristics and the meiosis in PMCs of F1 plants raised between Secale fragile (n=7) and Haynaldia villosa (n=7) were studied. To study meiosis 11 individuals out of 25F1 plants were empolyed.2. The percentage of matured F1 to the number of pollinated florets was 8.26%. This value is rather high as the percentage of F1 for the pollinated florets in the hybridization between H. villiosa and S. cereale.3. Generally speaking, the F1 plants possess external characteristics of both parents and they are almost intermediate between the parents (Fig. 1 and Table 1).4. The number of somamtic chromosomes in the root tip cells of the F1 plants was ascertained to be 14, and this number exactly corresponds to the sum of the gametic number of the parents, viz., 7+7=14. In the meiosis of PMCs the same number of chromosomes was also observed in the root tip cells.5. At the heterotypic metaphase in PMCs of F1 hybrids, 0-3 bivalents were observed. Their frequency is shown in Table 2, and their lack appears to be the mode. A ring-shaped bivalent and a heteromorphic stick-shaped bivalent were observed rarely, while oridinary stick- shaped bivalents formed by two equal sized elements conjugated end to end losely were usualy observed (Table 2). These bivalents seem to be derived from autosyndesis between chromosomes of V genome of H. villosa and the chromosomes of S. fragile respectively. Considering the foregoing, there seems to be no homology between V genome of H. villosa and that of S. fragile, syndesis will not occure between their chromosomes. Trivalents addition to bivalents were observed, but no tetravalent was observed. At heterotypic ana-telophase of PMCs the chromosomes were distributed to the opposite poles in the ratio 7:7-0:14 (Table 3).6. At the heterotypic metaphase in meiosis, univalents were normally scattered in spindle, but the formation of equatorial plate and the longitudinal splitting of all the univalents were rarely observed and consequently these processes gave rise to the formation of non-conjugation or restitution nucleus.7. In the tetrad stage, PMCs consisting of 1-6 cells were observed, with the 4 cell tetrad showing the highest parcentage (82%).8. Most of F1 plants show parcial fertility by natural selfing, though the percentage of fertility was not high (Table 5) and some grains were obtained.
日本遺伝学会の論文

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中島吾一
群馬大学工学部生物学教室

Haynaldia と Secale との間における属間雑種の細胞遺伝学的研究 : III. Secale fragile×Haynaldia villosa F1 植物の外倍諸形質および花粉母細胞成熟分裂

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