The Present and the Past in the Religious History of the United States

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• Christianity in the United States is undergoing several transitions, or soit is argued in provocative and important books published in recent years(many more such books have appeared than could be cited in this essay).This essay describes three such reports, each significantly different fromthe other; and after doing so, takes up the question of how recentdevelopments and conflicts within Christianity in the United States affectthe work of historians, a question answered by looking at the "separationof church and state," a deeply contested matter in recent scholarship andpopular polemics; the history and significance of evangelicalism and"Fundamentalism," as these too have been debated among historians;transformations of "spirituality" or certain kinds of practice, intersectingwith the emergence of a consumer culture; and, much more briefly, thehistory of the Puritan movement as it has been recently debated andrethought.Two conclusions emerge from this review of debates about Christianityin America, past and present. The first concerns the "decline" of what areknown as "mainstream" Protestant denominations or theologies. It iscertain that the influence and size of these denominations is not what itused to be, but their decline has not necessarily made the United States less"Christian" –– merely, Christian in unexpected or novel ways, like thoseassociated with Pentecostalism or spiritual "seeking." The secondconclusion is that a major question like the meaning of church and state inthe United States is being answered quite differently depending on oneʼstheological or political affiliation; i.e., all attempts to settle, once and for all,the meaning of church and state (as though the Constitution did this forus) are vain, because debate arises out of different expectations for whatreligion should be doing, politically.

• 国際基督教大学キリスト教と文化研究所の論文
• 2011-03-31

国際基督教大学キリスト教と文化研究所 | 論文

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