住民の都市農業への評価に関する比較分析 : 中国の上海市とハルビン市を対象として
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概要
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From a conventional viewpoint of regional economics and urban planning, agriculture and farmland were previously considered to conflict with urbanization. However, in recent years, urban agriculture is actively designed and incorporated into urban sustainable development. One reason for such development is that the multi-functionality of agriculture and farmland has started to attract attention. In the light of this multi-functionality, agriculture supplies not only agriculture goods but also local public goods and farmland can be seen not only as space to support agriculture but also as space with many other functions. Therefore, the multi-functionality of urban agriculture and farmland is considered to impact the quality of urban resident life. However, expectations of urban residents for the functions of urban agriculture vary from place to place. Moreover, the relative importance of the three key elements for sustainable development of urban agriculture, i.e. economic effciency, sociality and environment protection, also vary from place to place. In this study, an internet survey method was used. The aims were to clarify the functions of urban agriculture expected by urban residents and discuss the sustainability of urban agriculture through a comparative analysis on the assessments of urban agriculture by the residents in Shanghai and Harbin, China.The existing meanings of urban agriculture are advocated in recent years both in developed and developing countries. With rapid urbanization, many farmlands of urban areas in China have been diverted for industrial development. However, protection of urban agricultural land and continuation of urban agriculture has gained more momentum in recent years. This is against the background of increasing food safety and environmental protection consciousness from both urban residents and government. The functions of urban agriculture are beginning to be reviewed. This paper aims to discuss the existing meanings of urban agriculture by analyzing related policies on urban agriculture and farmland in China and the consciousness of urban residents toward the functions of urban agriculture. First, through the analysis of related policies on urban agriculture and farmland in China, the focus of urban agriculture and farmland policies is shown to be changing. Second, the assessment of urban residents toward the functions of urban agriculture was analyzed based on the results of internet-questionnaires of residents from both Shanghai and Harbin. The following analytical results were obtained. The functions of urban agriculture expected by the residents of Shanghai and Harbin differ due to different urban problems brought by different levels of development. Furthermore, the impacts of urban agriculture on the quality of life in the two cities are also different. Last, this questionnaire was conducted through the internet and most answers were from individuals between 20-30 years old of age. Therefore, the results of this study should consider this point when it is used for policy making and additional investigations are necessary in the near future.
- 日本地域学会の論文
日本地域学会 | 論文
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