現代中央アジアにおける女性の仕事 : ウズベキスタン、ホラズム州ヒヴァ市の絨毯工房を取り上げて
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概要
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In 1991, Uzbekistan declared independence from the SSSR. The resultant transition from a planned economy to a market economy has had an impact on the daily life of ordinary people living in Uzbekistan. People have been experiencing increasingly severe economic conditions on a daily basis, due to the rise in both inflation and unemployment. In contrast, culturally, there has been a revival of "traditional" Uzbekistani skills in the renewed nationalistic climate that emerged following the independence. This paper analyzes the role that carpet weaving plays in the lives of the weavers themselves by focusing on a carpet factory in Khiva, a town in the Khorezm province of Uzbekistan. In Chapter I, I explain the transformation that occurred in the life of Uzbekistani women under Soviet rule. In Chapter II, I explain the historical change that occurred in the carpet industry in Khiva. In Chapter III, based on data obtained through participant observation, I describe the relationships between the weavers working at the factory. In Chapter IV, I analyze the various roles that carpet weaving plays in the lives of the weavers. The conclusion of the study can be summarized in the following points. First, weavers earn a moderate income for weaving at the factory, which they are free to spend as they wish. Second, the relationships between the weavers are comparatively equal. Third, the equal nature of the relationships forged at the factory serve as a model that they can introduce, should they move factories, or establish a new factory. Fourth, the weavers are motivated daily by the enjoyment and satisfaction they derive from weaving carpets.
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