Characterization of wood-based molding bonded with citric acid

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The wood-based moldings were fabricated by using only citric acid as an adhesive. Themechanical properties, water resistances, thermal properties and chemical structure were investigated. Wood powder obtained from Acacia mangium was mixed with citric acid under certain weight ratios (0-40 wt%), and each powder mixture was molded using two types of metal molds at 200 °C and 4MPa for 10 min. The modulus of rupture (MOR) and the modulus of elasticity (MOE) values of the wood-based molding containing 20wt% citric acid were 35.8 MPa and 5.4 GPa, respectively. The maximum impact strength was 0.94 kJ/m2 with the same citric acid content. The water resistance increased with increasing citric acid content, and thegood resistance to boiling water was also recognized. However, some elution of substances derived from citric acid was observed at high levels of citric acid, causing a decrease in the thermal properties. The ester linkages were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), indicating that the citric acid reacted with the wood. Our results demonstrated that citric acid brings about good adhesiveness for fabricating the wood-based molding.