変容するインド乳業

概要

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Since the launch of liberalization in 1991, the Indian economy has quickly globalized and with this globalization, people's lifestyles have changed substantially. One such change is the increase in demand for high value-added products, such as milk and milk products, chicken meat and eggs, and fruits and vegetables. In this paper, we focus on milk and milk products. Alongside cooperative dairy societies, many private firms, including foreign companies, are entering the dairy industry, and the production and distribution network is becoming modernized. Dairy policy has also changed from “dairy development as a tool to eradicate poverty” to “the development of a market-oriented dairy business”. Such new trends exert an immense impact on the village economy. The most conspicuous change is the collapse of the traditional, mixed crop-livestock system. With the entrance of private firms into the dairy business, contract farming has been introduced, and the management of the supply chain has been modernized. With these new developments, landless farmers are quitting the livestock business, while marginal and small-scale farmers are increasing the amount of livestock they own. Also, the number of commercial dairy farms that have no relation to traditional agricultural systems is increasing.
2012-03-20