ドイツの社会的市場経済と社会国家概念

概要

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The social market economy is a theory of the economic order from Germany’s post-war period. It was established by Alfred Müller-Armack in 1947 and adopted by Ludwig Erhard as a principle behind government policy. The origin of this theory is Ordo-liberalism, especially Walter Eucken's theory of the economic order. However what is specific to Müller-Armack's ideas, when we compare them to Eucken's theory, is the use of social policy. The basic law of the federal republic of Germany (“Grundgesetz”) has no article directly concerning this theory. Therefore, this paper first describes its characteristics with regard to the relation between Müller-Armack's and Walter Eucken's thought. Second, we investigate the theoretical relationship between the social market economy and the concept of “social state” in the Grundgesetz. The result is that the social market economy can be regarded as a heuristic for the economic order of the basic law. Finally, the paper analyses the social policy of the social market economy, especially the fundamental principles of social policy. We conclude that the social policy of Germany is well-constructed on fundamental ideas of a social market economy.
2012-03-20