Magnetic hysteresis scaling behavior in terbium and holmium

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Hysteresis scaling for magnetic minor loops has been examined in the heavy rare-earth metals Tb and Ho, varying the temperature and magnetic-field amplitudes. In addition to the low-temperature ferromagnetic phase below Tc, the scaling law between the hysteresis loss and remanent flux density with an exponent of ∼1.3 was observed in the higher-temperature helical antiferromagnetic phase for both metals. The coefficient which reflects the pinning fields of the domain walls decreases with increasing temperature below Tc, but it exhibits a sharp increase after the onset of the helical antiferromagnetic phase. The observations above Tc were explained as due to the irreversible motion of spiral domain walls, unlike the 180∘ Bloch walls that are typical in the ferromagnetic phase.