Effects of attentional dispersion on sensory-motor processing of anticipatory postural control during unilateral arm abduction

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Objective: We investigated effects of attentional dispersion on sensory-motor processing of anticipatory postural control during unilateral arm abduction.Methods: Thirteen adults performed arm abduction under two types of attentionaldispersion conditions. A target stimulus was presented with 30% probability in two- orthree-positions. By cue signal presentation, subjects either focused their attention on oneposition or divided attention for two or three positions and abducted right arm for targetstimulus. Event-related potentials and onset time of postural muscles were measured.Results: P1-N1 and N2 amplitudes decreased with attentional dispersion in bothconditions, but P3 did not change. With attentional dispersion to three-positions, N2latency increased and start of late CNV was delayed, and also the onset time of gluteusmedius was late in correlation to the late CNV changings, with no changings intwo-positions.Conclusions: With attentional dispersion, brain activation decreased in the area relatedto the sensory processing and especially in the stimulus discrimination area. Withincreasing attentional dispersion, the delay in motor preparation or anticipatory attentionto target stimuli was related to the delay in stimulus discrimination and onset time ofpostural muscle activation.Significance: Effects of attentional dispersion on sensory-motor processing ofanticipatory postural control were experimentally demonstrated.