幼児の睡眠・覚醒リズムと身体活動量（Ⅱ）
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概要
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本研究では，前回に引き続き3歳児の身体活動量および睡眠・覚醒時間について，3次元加速度計Actigraphを用い定量的に測定し，検討を行なった。その結果，1日の睡眠割合について有意差は認められなかったものの，1日の平均覚醒時間は加齢にともない増加し，平均睡眠時間は減少するなど先行研究に概ね符合していた。同様に，活動期時間帯と静止期時間帯の覚醒・睡眠時間においてはそれぞれ有意な差が認められ，加齢に伴って活動期の時間帯が増加し，静止期時間帯は減少を示した。なお身体活動量においては，加齢に伴い本児の平均活動量は低下を示し，活動期時間帯の身体活動量では5%水準の低下が認められた。This study measured and examined the amount of (i) physical activity, (ii) the sleeping time (sleep minutes), and (iii) the time spend being awake (awake minutes) by a three-year-old child during two three-week phrases (3;3 and 3;11), using a three-dimensional accelerometer (Actigraph). The results show that the average wake minutes increased between the two phrases while the average sleep minutes decreased although no significant difference in the ratio of sleep and wake minutes was observed. These results are largely consistent with previous studies. There were significant differences between active time periods (Up Intervals) and inactive time periods (Down Intervals) in sleep and wake minutes as the duration of Up Intervals increased as that of Down Intervals decreased between the two phrases. The daily average of the amount of physical activity decreased. In particular, the amount of physical activity during UP Intervals significantly decreased (P < 0.05). While this result suggests that the amount of physical activity decrease as a child age, one must exercise caution as this study was done during a summer recess. This study shed a new light on the relationship between the amount of physical activity and the sleepawake pattern of a three-year old using a three-dimensional accelerometer (Actigraph). However, as this study is an exploratory study based on the data of one child, further development in this research is expected.
- 2011-09-30