Unambiguous determination of full bloom date in Prunus verecunda and bud flush date in Fagus japonica based on video recording archives
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概要
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Since natural forests are difficult to reach, no daily and longtime observation is performed. It is believed that this problem can be solved through photos or films. The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of video recording of full bloom date in Prunus verecunda and bud flush date in Fagus japonica. Furthermore, we evaluated trends of the tree phenology in the natural forest. The visual observation of the images recorded by a robot camera from 1997 to 2009 was undertaken. As a result, the full bloom date in Prunus verecunda and bud flush date in Fagus japonica could be determined by tree phenology observations based on the original criteria in this study. Tree phenologies were observed daily, rather than at 5-day intervals, and the determination ranges made up less than a third of the directly observed tree phenologies for the 13 years. Moreover, by creating a video recording archive, it will be possible to observe these events again, and reproducibility of the analysis will increase. However, adverse weather and lack of image created an inability to determine the distinguishing date. In response of this, it is thought that recording videos in the vicinity or using an easier recording method is effective. No clear trends for tree phenology in the University Forest in Chichibu were detected during the 13 years. If phenology observation is conducted for the longer term, tree phenology in the University Forest in Chichibu may be an ecological indicator of the influence of climate change on forest ecosystems. However, it is necessary to consider that this is a species is strongly influenced by factors other than climate.天然林では, 到達困難性により, 長期間にわたる毎日の樹木フェノロジー観察は行われていない。この問題の解決には, 写真や動画による撮影が考えられる。本研究では, カスミザクラ満開日およびイヌブナ開芽日をビデオによって記録することの有用性を検証した。また, 天然林の樹木フェノロジーの変化傾向も合わせて検討した。秩父演習林のロボットカメラ映像を1997年から2009年まで目視観察した結果, 本研究で独自に定めた基準に基づいてカスミザクラ満開日およびイヌブナ開芽日を決定できた。その決定レンジは, 仮に13年間毎年5日おきに直接観察したとした場合の三分の一以下となった。また, 映像記録があれば, 過去に遡って再観察でき, 解析の再現性も高まる。ただし, 悪天候やシステムダウンで観察ができない場合があるため, その対策として, より近くでの撮影やより簡易な方法での撮影が有効であると考えられる。また, 13年間のデータでは, 秩父演習林の樹木フェノロジーに明確な変化傾向は見られなかった。より長期間の観察を行うことで, 気候変動が生態系に及ぼす影響の指標として樹木フェノロジーが機能する可能性もあるが, その際, フェノロジーに気候以外の要因が強く作用する樹種もあることを考慮する必要がある。
- 2011-07-25
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