19世紀アメリカにおける市場法 : 市場規制にみる「パブリック・エコノミー」(2)

概要

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Public markets in the first half of nineteenth-century America were in no sense the free space for "market economy", but the public space for "public economy" regulated by municipal govemments. The public regulation of markets, however, was repealed first in New York, the biggest commercial metropolis in the USA. This article analyzes the background and context of the repeal of this regulation in New York, taking up the "meat shop controversy" of the 1830s and 1840s. During the "meat shop controversy", there emerged clearly the political attitude of the city govemment that ignored the public nature of the markets and used them only for the source of funds for the city finances. The legalization of meat shops in 1943, forcibly changed the system of public markets in New York, but the public control of urban food continued to be retained in New York, in the mid-nineteenth century.
2011-03-10