トルコ人の国際移住をめぐる女性／ジェンダー研究の動向

概要

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This essay traces the trends of Turkish international migration from the viewpoint of women/gender studies, with special reference to preceding studies on international migration between Turkey and European nations for the last four decades. Examining the contributions and the research perspectives and frameworks of the particular works between 1970 and 2010, this essay highlights the characters of the women/gender studies on Turkish international migration of each decade. In 1970’s and 1980’s the perspective that focuses on women’s emancipation was prevalent in the literature and that seemed to be driven by the researchers’ Orientalism or interest of socialistic revolution. In 1990’s there was change in the research perspective thorough the shift of the research objective from the degree of women’s emancipation to the gender roles, which is to avoid Orientalism. In 2000’s transnationalism and gender roles that differ according to diverse Turkish political consciousnesses are adapted for the analysis, which brought the comprehension that gender is the structuring component of Turkish international migration process. However, Orientalism is still appeared in the literature if it is not directly connected to the research objective. For future research, analysis that combines the gender and other differentials such as political consciousness, religious background, ethnicity is essentially needed.