欲望から鬱症への内在構造 : 儒医朱丹渓『格致餘論』の言説を中心として
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The Internal Structure of the Development from Desire to "Yu" Pathology -- Based on the "Ge Zhi Theory" by Confucian Physician Ju Dan-Xi. The renowned Yuan physician Zhu Dan-Xi based his practices on the teachings of Zhu Xi, and was the first to establish the Yu Theory in Chinese medicine. Within his Theory, Zhu placed special emphasis on the relationship between "the natural and heavenly justice" and "human desires", therefore discussing desire and yu pathology on a level platform within The Book of Rites and the theories of Song Dynasty scholars Zhou Dun-Yi and Zhu Xi. Since desire takes place within the human psyche, it cannot be grasped by theories dealing with the physical properties of the human body. Hence, Zhu developed the "Xiang Fire Theory 相火論" to explain the influences that desire has on our bodies. However, there remains a considerable gap between the presence of xiang fire and its general perception, thus the phenomenology of "Yu" became the primary basis for Zhu Dan-Xi's theory on the interaction between the physical and the mental. The author has chosen as theme the development from desire to Yu with the intention to explain both the physical and mental sides of the Yu Theory. By analyzing Zhu Dan-Xi's "Ge Zhi Theory", he hopes to deconstruct the internal compositions of the physical and mental developments from desire to Yu, thus demonstrating the unique view point and characteristics of Zhu's Yu Theory and the meaning it presents for modern society. In addition to the "Diet Admonition" and the "Sensual Admonition", there are another 43 chapters in the Ge Zhi Theory. As every chapter deals with a different topic, and the various sections are not coherent, nor share an overall structure, the average reader tends to tire easily as the gist of the text can be difficult to grasp. Hence, out of the four translated versions of the Ge Zhi Theory of the Japanese Edo period, the author uses Okamoto Ipo's translation and interpretation "General Interpretations of the Ge Zhi Theory" as key reference in order to strip the theory down to its core structure. By doing so, the author found that "desire" and "Yu", two separate and individual concepts in the "Book of Rites", were ingeniously combined in Zhu Dan-Xi's Ge Zhi Theory; especially the theory of "Excessive Yang and Insufficient Yin" under the "Dietary Admonition" and "Sensual Admonition", and the echo between this theory and the Xiang Fire Theory. One can even find intricate connections in the reform of the Yu Theory that the Xiang Fire Theory presents. Therefore, to simplify matters, the author has come to the conclusion that the Ge Zhi Theory is structured as follows: Desire → the Dietary and Sensual Admonitions → the theory of "Excessive Yang and Insufficient Yin" → the Xiang Fire Theory → Yu Pathology. This discovery has great academic significance for the formation theory of the Japanese concept of Yu.
- 2010-12-15
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