大学生のカンニングに対する態度
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概要
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On the basis of data obtained from a questionnaire given to college students of Okinawa, attitudes and behaviors concerning cheating were studied within three major comparisons: boys vs. girls, lower-class (freshmen and sophomores) vs. upper-class (juniors and seniors), and offenders vs. non-offenders. It was concluded that the observed sex differences are mostly superficial phenomena which merely reflect the differences between offenders and non-offenders, and should not be attributed to the essential difference in sex.More boys cheat than girls, and the data suggest that girls are more covert and independent in cheating behavior compared with boys who seem to show stronger tendency of resorting to overt and group cooperation. It is presumable that sophomore is the year when an abrupt change occurs in attitude and behavior concerning cheating.In general, regardless of sex, offenders are more defensive than non-offenders: mechanisms of rationalization, dissociation and reaction formation seem to be more actively operating on the attitudes and behaviors of offenders. Direct comparison between American and Okinawan college students is limited. On the basis of data available, however, it is suggested that cheating is more common among American students. Okinawan students seem to feel more guilty about cheating behaviors.For a hypothesis that there is more cheating in a class where no one knows his neighbor, the result of this study is not necessarily supporting. Whether this condition is considered as convenient by offenders seems to depend on such factors as the type of behaviors and the individual value stsyems.The data also suggest that from junior high school through college, 12th grade is the year when cheating behavior is m:1st prevailing.
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