[原著］An Experimental Study of Emergency Care for Habu Bites : Estimation of Amount of Venom Removed by Suction
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概要
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In Okinawa Islands, more than 200 Habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis) bites are reported annually Habu venom, when injected into an animal parenteraly, causes localized lesions consisting of hemorrhage, necrosis and edema. When a large amount of venom is injected, nausea, vomiting, hypotension and even death are observed. Treatment with Habu antivenom extremely decreases the mortality rate in Habu bites. Nevertheless, functional and histological disturbances of various organs resulting from the venom still remain a serious problem for snakebite patients. Araki et al. reported that 33 cases of Habu bites experienced malfunction of the hands or legs and, in severe case, the patients were incapable of grasping or walking. The severity of the disfunctions of the organs depends on the site of the bite and time of beginning treatment with antivenom, But the most important factor is the amount of venom injected. The amount of Habu venom is considered to be correlated with the severity of disfuncions caused. Therefore, it is important in the treatment of snakebites to decrease the amount of venom injected. Thus, an emergency care for Habu bites is recommended as follows : cutting the bitten site and applying suction to reduce venom injected, or binding the bitten arm or leg proximal to the heart in order to prevent the spread of the venom through out the whole body. However, experimental estimation of the effect on the removal of snake venom from animals has not yet been established. The present study is therefore designed to determine the amount of venom that can be removed by suction from the venom-injected animal.
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