島嶼国・地域における開発問題　－沖縄県とミクロネシア地域の事例より－

概要

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Small Island Nations (SINs) experience similar development issues because of their geographical constraints. Smallness of both the economy and population, as well as remoteness from major markets are primary causes of economic vulnerability. Trade deficits continue and are financed by economic assistance, worker's remittances, fees from fishing rights and international tourism income.In the current era of globalization, the international environment is changing, Newly industrialized economies in Asia, such as the Republic of Korea, the Peoples Republic of China and the Republic of China (Taiwan), are maintaining positive economic growth. Per capita income is increasing, as is international tourism demand.This situation can potentially be a great opportunity for SINs to achieve economic development through the promotion of international tourism since they are abundant in both natural and cultural tourism resources. Too heavy a promotion of international tourism, however, might have negative impacts on SINs in terms of their environmental and cultural carrying capacity.A large array of developmental issues remain unresolved in SINs. Promoting international tourism is one solution for earning foreign exchange but external income resources have to be diversified. Good governance on the part of the public sector is the key to their sustainable development in this 21st century of globalization.