ネリカ普及の現状と要因-ウガンダを中心として-
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アジアでは1960年代にはじまった「緑の革命」により,土地生産性が飛躍的に増加したが,サブサハラアフリカでは,長期間にわたり土地生産性が停滞している.近年,サブサハラアフリカに「緑の革命」をもたらす可能性のある作物としてコメが注目されている.その理由が新品種ネリカ(NERICA:New Rice for Africa)の開発である.本稿では,ネリカの特徴とサブサハラアフリカのネリカ普及状況を整理した.また,サブサハラアフリカでネリカの普及が最も進んでいるウガンダにおいて,その要因を調査した.その結果,ネリカは従来の品種に比べて有利な特徴があるものの多くの国で普及の初期段階にあること,農家によるネリカ採用には研修によって「ネリカについての十分かつ適切な情報を提供する」ことが重要であることが明らかになった.The green revolution, broken out during the late 1960's in monsoon Asia, led to a rapid growth in the productivity of rice farming, while the productivity has been stagnating since 1960's in Sub-Sahara Africa. Green revolution has not taken place yet in the region. Recently, however, a new type of rice varieties attracts attention due to their high potential of increasing the production. The varieties are called “New Rice for Africa( NERICA)"and expected as a vital agent of forthcoming green revolution in Sub-Sahara Africa. In this article, we fi rst describe the current status of NERICA dissemination in Sub-Sahara Africa and then discuss the determinants of NERICA adoption by farmers using survey data collected in Uganda, where NERICA has been most successfully promotedamong the countries in Sub-Sahara Africa. Our findings show that most of the Countries in Sub-Sahara Africa remain in the early stage of NERICA dissemination and that it is critically important for increasing the rate of NERICA adoption to provide farmers with adequate and appropriate information on NERICA, in particular, on itshigh-yielding potential in adverse growing conditions.
- 2010-03-31
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