児童の体格と疾走能力の年次変化

概要

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This longitudinal study investigated the biomechanical analysis of sprinting performance for elementary school. The subjects were 68 elementary school boys and girls who aged 6 to 12 (the 1st form to the 6th form). They were filmed in VTR picture during 50m　sprinting, with a pole located every 10m. Using the VTR pictures, average speed; stride frequency; stride length between thestart point and the marked distance point of each were calculated. The results obtained were as follows:1 The height, weight, the average speed, the stride length, and the height ratio stride increased from the 1st form to the 6th form. Times of 50m sprinting and Rohrer index decreased, and the stride frequency was a decreasing tendency from the 1st form to the 6th form.2 It was clarified that the average speed is related to the stride length and the stride frequency regardless of the height in each school year.3 It was suggested that the amount of the increase and decrease of the stride frequency be strongly related to the amount of an increase of the average speed though the increase of the stride length was related to the amount of an increase of the average speed, too.Based on these findings, it is necessary to increase the stride frequency though the height, the stride length, and the weight increase to run fast in 50m sprinting at the elementary school age.