日本語と中国語における敬語表現の比較

概要

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There are particular language forms in Japanese used to express respect logically in an organized manner. And in Chinese they are used to show consideration to certain objects. The report mainly compares the Japanese honorific expressions to that of the Chinese from many aspects. Such as the honorific title when a person is addressed, the honorific title of the personal pronouns, the respect expressions, polite expressions, euphemistic expressions and so on. There are three conclusions from the comparisons. First, the Japanese honorifics vary depending on a higher/lower social status and close/distant or good/bad relationship. However, such distinctions are minor in Chinese. Second, the Japanese honorific expressions extend to all aspects of words including the name, the verb, the auxiliary verb and so on, whereas in Chinese , the honorific expressions are shown by various modifiers, for example, the name, the sentence’s first word “Please”, and “You” in the sentence. Third, Chinese honorifics or politeness markers are chiefly shown by vocabulary methods. There are some particles and auxiliary verbs in Japanese, which have grammatical functions. The particles and the auxiliary verbs have been developed differently, as a result, they can be used freely according to different occasions.
2010-06-30