根本仏教における苦の超克

概要

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The purpose of this paper is to clarify what "the overcoming of suffering" at which the fundamental Buddhism aims is. The overcoming of suffering is the state that becomes possible in "Nirvana(nibbāna)". What is this? According to a predominant opinion of today's Buddhism study, it is a state of the mind of man from whom desire and evil passion disappear. Therefore, Buddhism reasons that these should be eliminated in order to realize the overcoming of suffering and thus the state of Nirvana. However, Sakyamuni considers the Nirvana to be a certain root truth that is called "Holy Truth (ariyasacca)". It is a transcendent place that has no phenomenon at all. Nevertheless, it is not excluded from all phenomena but is in all phenomena. How should we arrive at such a Nirvana for the overcoming of suffering? Sakyamuni explains "concentration(samādhi)" as "the road that arrives at the Nirvana". Concentration on a certain phenomenon realizes its truth. And this truth is the Nirvana. Also, to realize the Nirvana by concentration to a phenomenon is to arrive at the Nirvana as to overcome suffering. Thus, the overcoming of suffering is the realizing of the Nirvana as the arriving at the Nirvana, and this happens in a concentration on a phenomenon. Therefore, the overcoming of suffering is, as for our more concrete way of living, the devoting ourselves to our given life and the living in it sincerely. This rather exceeds our life and suffering.
2010-06-30