哺乳動物の骨格筋における筋線維の分類と機能について

概要

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It is already well known that mammalian skeletal muscle is divided into two types of muscles, white and red muscles, and that the former is dependent on glycolytic metabolism and related to mainly fast and phasic contraction, and the latter is dependent on oxidative metabolism and related to mainly slow and sustained contraction. By the introduction of histochemical procedures, it has been further demonstrated that all of so called red and white muscles are not composed of red fibers alone or white fibers alone, respectively, and that muscle generally contains three types of fibers : red, white and intermediate fibers. The studies in this field have been, with increasing speed, developed with improvement and advance of histochemical procedures. Concequently, the classification of the muscle fibers which are contained in the mammalian skeletal muscle has become detailed, but on the other hand, there is much confusion among various reports available on the relation between the classification of muscle fibers and the function of the fibers. In this review, studies on the mammalian white and red muscles, the three types of muscle fibers and the function of these fibers were historically surveyed, briefly from the following viewpoints; 1) Colour and metabolism of muscles, 2) red and white muscles and their function, and 3) histochemical studies (metabolic enzymes and myosin ATPase), and current views on these studies were described.
1978-10-01