日本の近代化と「家」
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概要
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The present paper entitled "The Modernization of Japan and 'Ie' ", following our thesis "The Modernization of Japan and Religion" appeared in the 21 volume of our Journal, was written with the intention of clarifying the inner, subjective impulse, which can be corresponded to Protestantism in West Europe and USA, prepared in the course of the modernization (industrialization as its content, capitalization its system) developed rapidly since the Meiji era. The present paper is intended to elucidate how the consciousness of 'Ie', consisting of one of the traditional value systems in Japan, was a spiritual prop supporting the modernization of economy since the Meiji era, in other words, how the consciousness of 'Ie' played an important role in the economical development in Japan. To be concrete, we first examined how the consciousness of 'Ie', lasting continuously in Japanese history, contributed to the development of economy, as far as the supply of labor and the accumulation of capital are concerned. Second, in order to answer the question why the employees working in main industries before World War II, inspite of their low wages and bad working condition, could obtain high morale and develop the industrial production rapidly, we paid attention to 'Keiei-kazokushugi (management in terms of the "family")' being fictitious of typical Japanese 'Ie', and made clear its aspect functioning as a factor to stimulate the development of economy, not as a factor to prevent. Third, we brought to light the fact that 'Risshin-shusse-shugi (status seeking)', being burdened with the great hopes of community centering around 'Ie', is not virtual ideology, but real ideology under definite limits and condition. In addition, we pointed out that the governing class provided Ninomiya Kingiro as the image of reference for the laboring masses who were far away from the status seeking. In addition to the consciousness of 'Ie', nationalism is also considered as a spiritual prop supporting the modernization of economy in Japan, and we, therefore, intend to proceed to a study of "The Modernization of Japan and Nationalism" in another paper.
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