子どもの道徳的判断におよぼす代理強化の組合せの効果

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To examine the effects of combinations of vicarious verbal reinforcements upon children's moral judgments, six classes of first graders were given a Piaget-type dilemma problem under one of three combinations of vicarious verbal reinforcements. Each duenlma problem consisted of a pair of two stories; one story involved good intention and large negative consequence, and the other bad intention and small negative consequence. A total 50 problems, 10 for the operant task, 20 for the acquisition task of the subjects, and 20 for the acquisition task of the model, were constructed. Vicarious reinforcements were given by the use of taped models in which the model's intentional judgments gradully increased through 20 trials. In the Right-Wrong (RW) modeled tape the experimenter reinforced the model's intentional judgment by saying "Yes" (right) with the reason of his judgment, and reinforced his consequential judgment by saying "No" (wrong) with the correction of his answer. In the Right-Nothing (RN) modeled tape the experimenter reinforced only the model's intentional judgment by saying "Yes" (right) with the reason of his judgment. In the Nothing-Wrong (NW) modeled tape the experimenter reinforced only the model's consequential judgment by saying "No" with the correction of his answer. The experiment was performed in every classroom. The moral judgment stories by a taperecorder were presented with their pictures which drew the parts of intention and consequence. The subjects were required to choose a suitable name of the two actors of the stories and to check the name on the answer sheet. After 10 operant trials the subjects listened to 5 trials of the modeled tapes and then 5 trials were required to respond. Five model's and 5 subject's acquisition trials were alternately run four times. Post test was administered two weeks after the completion of the acquisition trials. The statisitical analysis was done for the data of the subjects who showed intentional judgments 2 to 6 times during the operant trials. The main results were as follows. (1) Although the number of the intentional judgments increased with trials in all groups, the RW and the RN groups were superior to the NVV group, the former two being not different from each other. (2) Girls performed better than boys in all groups. The results were discussed with reference to the procedure of vicarious reinforcement.
奈良教育大学の論文
1979-11-15

著者

玉瀬耕治
奈良教育大学

子どもの道徳的判断におよぼす代理強化の組合せの効果

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