鶴岡=デリヴランドの黒い聖母像--造形と歴史

概要

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Tsuruoka Catholic Church, constructed in an European Romanesque basilica and dedicated to Virgin Mary, was consecrated at 1903. From that time, in the basilica, the statue of the Virgin with Infant Christ that was made in and sent from Douvre le Delivrande (Normandy, France) has been an object of veneration for the faithful and pilgrimages over 100 years. It is also an work of art, curved in wood (h.123cm) and richly colored (gilded and painted in blue, red, white etc.) of the end of 19th century. But this statue is one of the many copies from the original work, curved in stone, of 16th century. It is called Vierge Noire (=Black Virgin; Kuroi Seibo in Japanese), because the faces of Mary and the Son were painted in dark-brown, and there is no other life-sized statue of Vierge Noire in Japan. In this following paper, I will show (1) the details why and how the statue was sent to Tsuruoka Catholic Church from Delivrande, (2) how about the iconography of the statue, and (3) on the origins, histories, legends of the Vierge Noire of Delivrande, comparing with other statues of Vierge Noire remained today in France, especially the ones of Chartres, Orleans and so on.