City as a Factor of History : st. Petersburg in Russian History
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概要
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In the present situation of economic, political and ideological crisis Russian intellectuals vigorously discuss problems of Russia's cultural identity and its geopolitical orientation. This compels scholars to re-examine the question of St. Petersburg's ambivalent identity in relation to the whole of Russia and to factors intrinsic to the city itself. Though in the past Petersburg's significance for Russia was obviously seen in its being the gateway to European civilization, some contradictions imbued in its natural environment, history of development, discriminative policy against the city during the Soviet period and a vision of Russia as a Eurasian state created the image of Petersburg's "Otherness" to Russia. This article focuses on Petersburg as the center where the national Russian culture built on the ideas of Enlightenment was born and demonstrates difficulties of its integration with the rest of Russia. For this purpose the example of rivalry between Petersburg and Moscow based on two different approaches to the country's development is examined. Special attention is given to the so-called "Leningrad Affair", a case when the whole city actually became a victim of the Stalin regime. As a result of purges the city was denigrated to the level of an industrial center with a regional status. This created a feeling of inferiority among its residents. It is suggested that because Petersburg is associated mainly with the Russian past, which at present has strong positive connotations for many people, new possibilities for the city to re-negotiate its identity with the country are opened. One perspective for this lies in the fact that many young representatives of the contemporary Russian political elite come from Petersburg and, supposedly, have inherited its best traditions. They may thus contribute to changes in the political culture of Russia still strongly connected with the Soviet period.
- 広島市立大学国際学部(Hiroshima City University, Faculty of International Studies)の論文
- 2000-08-20
広島市立大学国際学部(Hiroshima City University, Faculty of International Studies) | 論文
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