救命救急センターで勤務する看護師の自殺未遂患者に対する態度 : 構成要素と傾向についての質的研究
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
本研究の目的は救命救急センターで勤務する看護師の自殺未遂患者に対する態度について、その構成要素と傾向を明らかにすることである。13施設を無作為抽出し研究協力を依頼した。受諾を得た4施設の看護師157名を対象に郵送法による自由回答式質問紙調査を実施し、106名から回収した（回収率67.5%）。単文を1記録単位、各看護師の自由回答式質問に対する記述全体を1文脈単位とした。記録単位を抽出できた88名の記述を分析対象とし、375記録単位と88文脈単位を内容分析によって分析した。態度の構成要素は【心情の理解】、【抵抗感】、【専門的支援】、【援助者の存在】、【精神的ケアの限界】であった。態度の傾向は両価的態度が51名（58.0%）、接近的態度が33名（37.5%）、回避的態度が4名（4.5%）であった。過半数の看護師が自殺未遂患者の看護に葛藤を有しており、看護師に対する心理的支援の必要性が示唆された。BACKGROUND : Suicide is a serious problem in Japan. In suicide prevention, it is important the suicide attempters are adequately mentally supported in critical care and emergency centers. OBJECTIVE : The purpose of this study was to examine factors and tendencies in the attitudes of nurses caring for suicide attempters in critical care and emergency centers. METHODS : Thirteen critical care and emergency centers were extracted at random. Four facilities agreed to participate in the study, and 157 nurses who worked there were the subjects of this study. The instrument consisted of open-ended questions about what kinds of attitude (feeling, Cognitive and action tendency) they have formed toward suicide attempters. It was mailed, and 106 responses were received. The response rate was 67.5%. The recording unit was defined as a simple sentence, and the context unit was defined as all descriptions within each of the individuals. Three hundred and seventy-five recording units and 88 context units were gained, and analyzed by referring to the content analysis advocated by Berelson. RESULTS : Eighty-one codes, 23 subcategories and 5 categories were derived. As for factors of attitude, 5 categories were "full understanding of the patient and the people around the patient"(132 recording units), "uneasy to accept the patient"(79 recoding units), "professional care"(78 recoding units), "presence of the patient's support"(48 recoding units) and "limits to mental caring for the patient"(38 recoding units). As for tendencies of attitude, 51 nurses(58.0%) formed an ambivalent attitude, 33 nurses (37.5%) a feeling of closeness, and 4 nurses (4.5%) avoidance. DISCUSSION : It was suggested that psychological support for nurses is necessary, because a majority of nurses had a conflict over caring for suicide attempters and because such conflict makes the nurses more nervous.
- 2009-03-01