マンハイムにみる主知主義的科学とゲマインシャフト的科学

概要

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特集: 知と政治 = Knowledge and PoliticsThe central topic of this paper concerns the possibility of a different kind of scientific knowledge which, on the basis of Mannheim's certain vocabulary, is termed in this paper as "voluntaristic science". I have specifically demonstrated that voluntaristic science is an approach which is applied in the areas where knowledge and real action cannot be separated. Mannheim described this domain as, "the areas where there is a room for activity which is beyond the scope of rational behavior". When we focus on changing and differing perspectives on knowledge in these areas, three elements, social group, situation, and action, are extracted as crucial factors from Mannheim's analysis. Although voluntaristic science is conceptually opposed to intellectualistic science -- an approach which is mainly employed in natural sciences to capture quantitative and formal aspects of phenomenon, I have argued that both kinds of knowledge should be employed complementarily to give a better understanding and firmer grounds for those who make political or humanistic "decisions" in the world without a unique worldview.
2009-09-01