Deriving a group psychic apparatus and a typology of group mental states from Bion's group dynamics

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There is abundant psychoanalytically-oriented literature which apply Freud's concepts related to his psychic apparatus theory. For instance, many researchers often describe group phenomena in terms of "conscious", "unconscious", "ego", and "superego". However, with the exception of Rene Ka<CODE NUM=0291>s's pioneer work, l'appareil psychic groupal, there is, to the author's knowledge, no study which has discussed explicitly and systematically the group's psychic apparatus. In the present paper the author has attempted to demonstrate that Wilfred Bion has developed a number of concepts, such as "basic assumption group", "work group", "protomental system", "group mentality", and "group culture", which bear striking resemblance with those used by Freud in his topographic and structural models. The present study has thus two purposes. The first one is to discuss, from a Bionian vertex, the author's hypothesis that although Bion did not propose any specific theory of the psychic apparatus, his work contains fragments of a theory which includes Freud's two representations or models of the individual psychic apparatus. The second purpose was to propose and discuss a general psychopathology and typology of group's mental state derived by the author from Bion's work on groups.