Petrology and petrogenesis of volcanic rocks from the Uegusukudake Formation in Kume-jima, central Ryukyu Arc
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Major and trace element concentrations and Sr and Nd isotopic ratios are presented for volcanic rocks from the Uegusukudake Formation (～$3-2 Ma) in Kume-jima, central Ryukyu Arc, in order to understand the origin of varieties of erupted magmas. The Uegusukudake Formation is mainly composed of lavas and pyroclastic rocks with subordinate dikes. Volcanic rocks collected from lavas and dikes are grouped into four types based on their petrological characteristics: (1) picrite basalt (PB); (2) aphyric, tholeiitic basalt and basaltic andesite (A-TH); (3) porphyritic, tholeiitic basaltic andesite (P-TH); and (4) porphyritic, calc-alkaline basaltic andesite and andesite (CA), in ascending order. The PB sample is isotopically distinct in having significantly low ^<87>Sr/^<86>Sr (0.7035) and high ^<143>Nd/^<144>Nd (0.51290) compared with the other three types. The A-TH, P-TH, and CA types have similar isotopic compositions (^<87>Sr/^<86>Sr=0.7045-0.7054, ^<143>Nd/^<144>Nd=0.51270-0.51284) and show rather coherent incompatible trace element patterns. These results suggest that the three types of magmas were derived from a similar source material, distinctive from the source of the PB magma. A slight difference in isotopic and trace element ratios (La/Sm and La/Yb) among the three types can be attributed to the different degree of contributions of crustal assimilation. Geochemical variations within the A-TH type rocks can be explained by fractional crystallization, and the variation of the CA type is considered to have resulted from internal hybridization within a single magma reservoir. For the variation of the P-TH type, plagioclase accumulation is inferred to have played a dominant role.
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