トマトの生育，収量ならびに果実品質におよぼす潅水量の影響
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概要
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The experiments were carried out to ascertain effects of irrigation on plant growth and yield of tomatoes from April through September in 1964 at the Experimental farm of Shinshu University Agricultural Faculty. Plant height, number of leaves, root system, T/R ratio, osmotic pressure, water saturation deficit, number of flowers and fruit set percentage, chemical quality and inorganic matter contents in leaves and fruits were recorded. Tomatoes planted in field, root box, Wagner pot, and porous clay pot were examined. The experiment was consisted of high irrigation level (HIL : 50mm per week), medium irrigation level (MIL : 30mm per week), low irrigation level (LTL : 10mm per week), and non irrigation (NI) lots. 1. Plant height and number of leaves were remarkable in HIL level in each cultivation group, whereas plant height in NI level was severely reduced. The root system developed under the surface soil in HIL lot, while it reached to deeper depth in LIL lot. On the other hand, root weight was heavier in LIL lot than in HIL lot, accordingly T/R ratio was higher in HIL lot than in LIL lot. 2. Osmotic pressure of the plant was low in HIL lot, and it rised higher as the water supply decreased. The value of osmotic pressure of the plants in Wagner pot and root box was higher than that of plants in field. The pattern of daily change in osmotic pressure showed no difference among various treatments. The osmotic pressure was the lowest at 3 to 6 A. M. , and was the highest at 3 P. M. The water saturation deficit of plant grown in field did not show difference among these lots, but that of plant grown in root box was the lowest in HIL lot, and the highest in LIL lot. 3. There was no difference in number of flowers in the each irrigated lot of field experiment, but the percentage of fruit set was higher in MIL or HIL lot than in LIL or NI lot. Fruit yield was the highest in MIL lot in the field experiment, and mean weight of fruit was also the highest in the same lot. On the other hand, HIL lot had the highest fruit yield in root box or Wagner pot. But fruit yield of each irrigation lot in the field was greater than that of root box or Wagner pot. The number of days from anthesis to coloring and harvest was fewer in LIL lot than in HIL lot, but the anthesis of the first flower in each flower cluster begun later in LIL lot than in HIL lot. 4. The chemical quality offruit, namely sugar content, acidity and viscosity of fruit juice were higher in LIL lot than in HIL lot within each caltivated plot, but more flower-end rots appeared in the fruits of former lot. The amount of pigment in fruit and of nitrogen in leaves was much remarkable in LIL lot. However, the amount of nitrogen in the fruit was greater in HIL lot. Phosphorus and potassium contents in both fruit and leaves were much remarkable in HIL lot. There was no difference of calcium content in leaves among these lots. However, there was less calcium content in fruit in LIL lot.
- 信州大学農学部の論文
- 1966-12-25
信州大学農学部 | 論文
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