The Influence of Hormone Spray on the Growth and Pigment Content of Tomato Fruit
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概要
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Experiments were carried out to measure the plant growth and the pigment and carbohydrate contents of fruits affected by hormone spray at Shinshu University Agricultural Faculty in 1959. Variety Aichi-tomato was used. Hormone used and their concentrations were para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 30 p. p. m.; gibberellin, 50 p. p. m. ; naphthaleneacetic acid, 50 p. p. m.; 2. 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 10 p. p. m. Aqueous solution of hormone was sprayed on each flower from flowering time of the first flower cluster to that of the 3rd flower cluster. The results are as follows. 1. Height of hormone sprayed plant taller than that of the control plant, but there was no difference between the control and the hormone sprayed plants in the number of leaves. 2. The number of flowers and fruits set in each flower cluster in hormone sprayed plots did not increase. However, the gibberellin sprayed plant had the largest and the2, 4-D sprayed plant the smallest total number of flowers and fruits set. The fruit set coefficient in the PCPA sprayed plot was the heighest of all. Plots sprayed with hormones except gibberellin were accelerated in fruit development more than the control, but the gibberellin sprayed fruits were smaller than those of the control, and its fruit development was checked. 3. The plants in PCPA and 2, 4-D sprayed plots produced seedless fruits as the results of parcenocarpy, but in the gibberellin and NAA sprayed plots produced seed containing fruits. Among the fruits containing seed, the larger the fruits, the more seeds were contained. 4. The fruit yield of the gibberellin sprayed plot was greater than that of control, but among the other hormone sprayed plots there was hardly any difference. The early yield was high in the PCPA and 2, 4-D sprayed plots, but not so high in the gibberellin plot. 5. Chlorophyll content of fruits sprayed with PCPA, NAA and 2, 4-D decreased, but carotene, lycopene and xanthophyll contents increased. In the gibberellin sprayed plot the disappearance of chlorophyll was late, and carotene and xanthophyll contents were less than those in the control. 6. Difference in sugar content of fruits between the hormone sprayed plots and the control was not significant, but both increased the sugar content as the fruit matured. Starch content of the fruit decreased in all plots as the fruit matured.
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