Roles of the Telencephalic Cells and their Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans in Delimiting an Anterior Border of the Retinal Pathway

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The axons of the retinal ganglion cells run on the diencephalotelencephalicboundary on their way to the tectum; however,they do not invade the telencephalon anteriorly. To investigatethe mechanisms that prevent the retinal axons from entering thetelencephalic territory, the effects of the telencephalic cellswere examined on the outgrowth of the retinal axons in vitro;the retinal outgrowth was selectively inhibited by the cellularsubstrate derived from the telencephalon. The responsible factorfor the selective inhibition was, furthermore, found in thetelencephalic membranes and the fraction of peripheral membranemolecules from the telencephalon. Because the inhibitoryeffect was destroyed by chondroitinase ABC but not byheat, this inhibition was attributable to the carbohydrate chainsof chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) adhering to themembranes of the telencephalic cells. To understand the functionof the telencephalic CSPGs on the retinal pathfinding invivo, their carbohydrate chains [chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan(CS-GAG)] were removed from the embryonic brainsby intraventricular injection of chondroitinase ABC; the removalof CS-GAG resulted in an anterior enlargement of the optictract. The results indicate that the telencephalic cells delimit theanterior border of the optic tract with their CSPGs and preventthe retinal axons from aberrantly entering the anterior territory.
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