Monitoring Chloroquine resisteance using Plasmodium falciparum parasites isolated from field collected mosquitoes in Tanzania.
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
機関リポジトリへの掲載不可.Monitoring antimalarial drug resistance is a useful epidemiologic tool and provides early detection of resistance foci. Using DNA extracted from the head/thorax of wild mosquitoes collected from Bagamoyo Coastal Tanzania, samples infected by Plasmodium falciparum (N = 89, in 2002 and N = 249 in 2004) were screened by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay for mutations at Pfcrt76 and Pfmdr1-86 associated with chloroquine (CQ) resistance. The majority of isolates were of single infection (71%), and the prevalence of mutant alleles of Pfcrt76 decreased from 64.5% in 2002 to 16% in 2004; likewise, mutant Pfmdr1-86 alleles decreased from 46.6% to 2.7%. Overall, there was a decline of mutant isolates by a factor of 17 and 4 for Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt, respectively. In contrast, isolates with wild-type alleles increased significantly from < 20% in 2002 to 67.6% for Pfcrt76 and 83.5% for Pfmdr1-86 in 2004. This observation suggest a biologic trend of decrease of CQ mutants and a subsequent increase of CQ susceptible parasites in circulation after the discontinued use of CQ in 2001 as a first-line drug in Tanzania. High prevalence of susceptible P. falciparum found in circulation not only supports other reports of a decline of mutant parasites after a reduction of drug selection pressure but suggests that the fitness cost is high in mutant parasites. Typing parasite isolates from infected mosquitoes, an alternative means of data collection, has the potential to increase the spatial and temporal coverage, and this approach is practical in highly endemic regions of Africa.
論文 | ランダム
- 米糠乳酸発酵抽出物の高脂肪食負荷ラットにおける脂質異常改善作用
- Evaluation of stored body fat in nuisance-killed Japanese black bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus)
- Accumulation of visceral fat is positively associated with serum ALT and γ-GTP activities in healthy and preclinical middle-aged Japanese men
- Design and in Vitro/in Vivo Evaluation of Multi-layer Film Coated Pellets for Omeprazole
- Biphasic Drug Release : Permeability and Swelling of Pectin/Ethylcellulose Films, and in Vitro and in Vivo Correlation of Film-Coated Pellets in Dogs