Application of artificial insemination technique to eupyrene and/or apyrene sperm in Bombyx mori
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The silkworm, Bombyx mori, has a dimorphic sperm system. The eupyrene spermis the sperm to fertilize eggs and the apyrene sperm plays a crucial role for assisting fertilization.Heat-treated (331C for 96h) Daizo (DH) males, one of the strains in the silkworm, produce onlyeupyrene sperm, while in triploid males only apyrene sperm are functional. Though both types ofmales are found to be sterile, double copulation of the two males with a single female greatlyincreases fertility. Here we examined the fertilizing ability of eupyrene and apyrene sperm by meansof an artificial insemination technique previously established in B. mori. Neither the eupyrenesperm collected from DH males, nor the apyrene sperm from triploid males have the ability tofertilize eggs. Artificial insemination with the mixture of eupyrene and apyrene sperm leveled up thefrequency of fertilized eggs to more than 80%. When cryopreserved DH sperm (eupyrene sperm)were subjected to the same experiment, more than 95% fertilized eggs were obtained. These resultsconfirmed that apyrene sperm play an important and indispensable role in fertilization in B. mori.Separate collection of functional eupyrene sperm and functional apyrene sperm and success offertilization by means of the artificial insemination technique are applicable for further studies toelucidate the function of apyrene sperm. J. Exp. Zool. 297A:196–200, 2003.
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