沖縄本島に於ける日本脳炎の疫学と関連した,蚊族の吸血嗜好性並びに季節的消長に関する研究
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概要
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Mosquito surveys were carried out in Ishikawa City, Okinawa Main Island from January, 1968 by dry-ice traps, light traps, at cowsheds, pigsties, henhouses, human dwelling houses, and stables to the end of the year. By the former four methods, collections were continued till the end of April, 1970. C. tritaeniorhynchus summorosus is the most abundant in every cases. Ae. vexans nipponii is very abundant in dryice trap. An. tessellatus is collected by nearly only dry-ice trap. C. p. fatigans is high in relative abundance in light traps, at henhouses, and dwelling houses. C. neovishnui is high only in henhouses. Judging from the seasonal distribution of the females, fed ones, and males of C. t. summorosus, the gonoactivity of the females seems little affected by the shortening of day length in cold months and to continue feeding and egglaying actively in warmer winter and slowly even in severe cold winter for Okinawa. It is noteworthy fact that the habits of Okinawa summorosus is quite different from those of Nagasaki summorosus because the latter is, according to the observations of Dr. Kawai (1969), definitely affected by the shortening of day length becoming gonoinactive in spite of the environmental temperatures. The numerous and long lasting infections of Japanese encephalitis in pigs and in humans on Okinawa seem to have intimate bearing on the following facts: The gonoactivity of Okinawa summorosus is maintatined during cold months in spite of the shortening of day length; the population density of this mosquito seems rather low and much fluctuated, owing to that the paddyfields are very small in area and scattered among vast farm lands; the pigs are being raised rather in small scale, independently of the places being in ricefield area or in farm land; and consequently there remain at any time some number of susceptible pigs depending on the places where they are being raised.
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