Experimental Study of a Tsunami Generated by a Horizontal Motion of a Sloping Bottom
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概要
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A tsunami generated by a transient horizontal motion of a sloping bottom is discussed experimentally. The experiment was performed in a channel by varying three independent parameters S, L and z, which represent the bottom slope near one end of the tank, the total horizontal displacement and the rise time of the bottom movement, respectively. About the maximum run-up of the water's edge, the following characteristics are found for moderate values of L and z. 1) For S=1/1, the run-up height exhibits analogous behavior to the wave generated by the horizontal motion of a vertical wall. 2) For S< 1/3, the run-up height is dominated by a vertical component of the horizontal displacement, namely, LS. 3) Wave characteristics are well described by a linear-long wave theory. 4) Unified interpretation is possible for three different mechanisms of wave generation; the vertical motion of a horizontal bottom, the horizontal motion of a vertical wall, and the horizontal motion of a sloping bottom.海底斜面の水平な動きによる津波を実験的に議論した.実験は,地震研究所地下実験水槽を用い,3つの独立なパラメーター,S,L,τでを変化させて行なった.Sは傾斜壁の傾きであり,Lは水平変位,τは立ち上がり時間である.最大はい上り高に関して,以下の事実が明らかになった.1)S=1/1の場合,最大はい上がり高は,鉛直壁の水平な動きによるものと,同様の傾向を示す.2)S<1/3では,最大はい上がり高は,変位の鉛直成分LSに支配される.3)発生した波の性質は,線型長波理論でよく記述される.4)3つの異なる波の発生機構,一様水深海底の鉛直変位モデル,鉛直壁の水平変位モデル,傾斜壁の水平変位モデルに関して,統一的な解釈が可能である.
- 1982-09-30
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