Crustal Deformation Associated with a Fault Formation Estimated by the Finite Element Method.

概要

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Crustal deformations associated with fault formation are calculated by the finite element method. Four dip angles are considered : (1) vertical ; (2) 45 degrees ; (3) 26.7 degrees ; and (4) horizontal. A low elasticity area is hypothesized as a fault zone. Sets of double couple forces are applied for a fault. Effects due to several variables (boundary condition, fault thickness, fault length and fault depth) are examined, and surface deformations are calculated. Boundary conditions affect the magnitude of surface deformation ; depth, length and thickness of a fault affect not only the magnitude, but also the pattern of deformation. For two cases, displacement field and stress field are shown. Using comparisons of the above crustal deformations and field data in the Mikawa earthquake of 1945 (M=7.1), a best-fit model for fault parameters is obtained. The model is in fairly good agreement with that obtained by Ando's dislocation model.
1978-09-30