53. Source Locations of Elastic Shocks in the Fracturing Process in Rocks(1)
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Source locations of elastic shocks caused by micro-fractures in various rocks subjected to bending stress were determined by a new experimental system, which consists of piezo-electric type transducers, amplifiers, dual-beam synchroscopes and moving cameras. In heterogeneous rocks, elastic shocks markedly increase before a main rupture. In the earlier stage, sources of elastic shocks locate at random in a rock sample. In the later stage, they concentrate in one or more limited regions in the sample, and the shock activity in other regions decreases. Just before rupture, one of the highly active regions extends in the direction perpendicular to the applied tensile stress. In rocks with homogeneous structure, however, rupture takes place suddenly without the above-mentioned micro-fracturing process. These results observed in laboratory are very helpful to understand the process of foreshock occurrence in earthquakes.|不均質な岩石に力を加えてゆくと,局部的な破壊に伴う衝撃性弾性波(Elastic Shocks)が発生し,それが次第に増加して主破壊に至るが,その発生過程は岩石の構造と密接な関係を示すことはすでに報告した所である.これまでは,この過程を研究するのに,主として,Elastic Shocksの頻度やエネルギーの変化に注目したが,更に,波動特性や震源分布の特徴を明らかにすることが重要である.本論文では,この様な目的のため今回開発した測定法について述べ,それを用いて震源分布を求めた結果を述べた.今回は各種岩石の常圧下の曲げ試験を行なったが,その湯合の岩石の主破壊に至る過程は,Elastic Shocksの震源分布を考慮して,次の様に要約される.
- 1968-12-20
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