複合形容詞の構成要素について
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概要
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A compound is formed by compounding which consists in joining two or more words to form a new entity. Numerous compounds have been adopted at every period of the English language. But the growth in the use of compounds was not invariable. During the nineteenth century the use of them was rather out of favour, because the English language was believed to be an analytical one which employed an analytical system of showing syntactic relations. In recent years, however, the use of compounds has remark.-ably increased. Although any combination of the parts of speech can be employed in making compounds, such combinations as‘noun with noun’, ‘noun with adjective’, and‘adjective with noun’ are the most usual patterns. Although most of the elaborate compounds are noun-headed, it is also to be noticed that some important compounds are adjective-headed and some are participle-headed. When compounds are formed with adjectives as heads, the adjunct to the adjectives is a noun that can be paraphrased by a prepositional phrase expressing some relations such as resemblance （or comparison）, place, time, respect, etc. Although it is not so difficult to construe the meanings of compounds like’paper-thin’or’ ‘ice-cold,’ it sometimes happens that the lack of devices for specifying relationships among the elements causes great difficulties in construing the syntactic relations. In fact the ambiguity of syntactic relations may exist in some cases. But in most cases cliches, both lexical and structural, can give us the clue to find the correct relations. The attempt made in this paper is to make explicit the relationships between the elements of compound adjectives classifying according to the representative patterns. The illustrations given here are chiefly composed of two elements and nonce compounds are excluded
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