神棚とその神々--重慶市酉陽県興隆村の事例
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概要
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This is a fieldwork note on household shrines which were found everywhere in the Republic of China era, but have now disappeared in most of Chinese ordinary households. I visited a village of Chongqing in 2004. I find a household shrine, which had name plates of ten gods, surrounded with pictures of the first generation of the Chinese Communist leaders. Analyzing the gods, I categorized them into three groups. The first is a group of gods relating family ties and territorial connections such as a god of ancestor and a tutelary deity. The second is a group of gods believed as ministers of the god's central government in Chinese folk religion, for example gods of wealth or gods of wisdom. Then, the third is a group of gods of the universe, for instance, the guardian god of the north. They seem to represent people's aspiration for divine aid, concentrically prevailing in family, nation and the universe.
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